Topic List
Looking for something specific and not sure where it would be? If it's on the site, it's listed here (or at least should be), under as many meaningful names as I can think of. Feel free to contact me if anything's missing, any links are broken, or you have an alternate way of indexing any of these.
| By Concept or Approximate English Meaning | By Japanese Phrases, Terms, and Conjugations |
|---|---|
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12-hour and 24-hour time Able to do something "About..." (ni tsuite) "About..." (ni kansuru) "About..." (wa) About to do About to happen "According to..." Actions in progress Adjective conjugation Adjectives as other parts of speech Adverbing adjectives Advice (-eba ii) Advice (-hou ga ii) "Although..." (ga) "Although..." (kedo) "Although..." (no ni) "... and ..." (nouns) "... and ..." (phrases) "... and ..., etc." (nouns) "... and ..., etc." (verbs) "... any minute now" Apologizing (basics) Apologizing (more details) Approximate numbers Approximations (kurai) Archaic Japanese as ... as (hodo) as ... as (kurai) "As far as ... is concerned ..." As long as (kagiri) Asking for permission (causative form) Asking for permission (-te mo ii) Assume that ... (to suru) Attempting something (-te miru) "Because..." (kara) "Because..." (no de) "Because... and..." (shi) Begin doing "Better to..." (hou ga ii) Beyond comparison ...by (a time) by means of "... called ..." can and can't (capability) can (permission) can't (permission) Can't quite remember (kke) Casual form Causative form Causative-passive form Cause and effect (kara) Cause and effect (no de) Cause and effect (provisional form) Caused conditions (-te aru) Causes and effect (shi) Characters used for native words (kana) Characters used for native words (kanji) Characters used for words of foreign origin Chinese characters Classical Japanese Command forms "Compared to ... " Comparisons Completely do "Concerning..." (ni tsuite) "Concerning..." (wa) Concurrent events Conditional form (verbs) Conjectures based on what has been heard Continuous states Contracting repeated nouns Copula Counters Counting age Counting days Counting months Counting multiple births Counting people Customary behavior (decided by self) Customary behavior (decided by society, etc.) Date and time Days Days of the week -de form (-te form for some sounds) Decide to do... Decided practices Denying permission "Depending on..." Describing a noun using another noun Describing a person's attributes Desires (want to do) "Despite..." (kuse ni) "Despite..." (no ni) Destination marker (e) Destination marker (alternate) (ni) Dictionary form (of verbs) Difficulty of actions Direct object marker (wo) Direct style Distal style Do deeply Do fully Due to (ni yoru) "Each and every..." (X to iu X) Easy to do Embedded questions Emphasis marker (koso) Emphasis marker (yo) English and other foreign words in Japanese "Even if/though..." (-te mo) "Even though..." (kedo) "Even though..." (kuse ni) "Even though..." (no ni) "Ever since..." "Feels like..." (-ge adjective ending) First, second, third, etc. Forced to do... Formality (general notes and codes used here) Formality (in requests and apologies) Fractions Frequency (times per timespan) Future actions Future actions (planned) Gender (general notes and codes used here) Getting ready for something Given that ... (kara ni wa) Giving in (or refusing to) (-te tamaru) Giving permission "Good thing that..." Grammar Guesses Guesses based on what has been heard Halves Hard to do "Have a..." "Have/has done..." Hearsay Hiragana Honorific prefixes Hortative form How to do (-kata) Ideograms If (general-purpose) If [you] just... (sae) If ... then (verbs) If/when (verbs) "I hear that..." "I hope that..." "I'm glad that..." Imminent events Impressions "I'm sorry" (basics) "I'm sorry" (more details) Imperative forms Incidentally (tsuide ni) Indefinite numbers Indefinite pronouns (anything, everywhere, etc.) Indicating commonality Indirect obect marker (ni) "In order to do..." "In regards to..." (ni tsuite) Intentions Interrogative pronouns (who, where, etc.) Interval of time Intransitive verbs "I've heard..." "I wonder..." "... is ...", "... is a ..." "... isn't ...", "... isn't a ..." (copula) "... isn't ...", "... isn't a ..." (ja particle) Japanese native syllabry "Just about the only..." (kurai) Kanji (general information) Kanji (sample kanji) Katakana "less ... than ..." ..., let alone ... (dokoro ka) Let someone do... "Let's ..." "Like hell I'll ..." (mon ka) Linking form (literary) Linking form (usual) Literary Japanese Location of an action Long form "Looks like..." (-sou adjective ending) "Looks like..." (nouns, verbs, sentences) Made by someone to do... Make someone do... Maybe "May I...?" Means by which an action is performed Metric system Moderation (of adjectives) Months Must do (beki) Must do (-nakucha ikenai, etc.) Must not do (-te wa ikenai, etc.) Name suffixes Naming things or people Native syllabary No later than Nonpast affirmative form Nonpast negative form "No sooner did ... than ..." (to omou to) "No sooner did ... than ..." (ya) Not ... but ... (ja nakute) Nothing but (bakari) Nothing more than (shika) Not just ... but also ... (bakari) Not necessarily (to wa kagiranai) Not only ... but ... (dokoro ka) Not so much ... as ... (to iu yori) Not the time for that (dokoro ja nai) Nouning adjectives Nouning verbs Now that ... (kara ni wa) Numbers Numerical classifiers Numeric kanji Objective comments on subjective situations (nagara) Objects with traits in common Object marker (wo, for direct objects) Object marker (ni, for most indirect objects) Obligation (beki) Observations about other people Offering an item Only a given amount/thing Only a small amount On that note (tsuide ni) On the ... side Orders Ordinal numbers Ought to be so Ought to do (beki) Ought to do (hou ga ii) Overdoing it (adjectives) Overdoing it (verbs) Ownership (with no) Ownership (with wa) Particles Passive form Past Affirmative form Past Negative form Perhaps Permission (denying) Permission (granting) Personal pronouns (I, you, etc.) Plain form Plans Please (with actions, basics) Please (with actions, more details) "Please give me..." "Please take..." Plurals Polite form Polite requests Possession (with no) Possession (with wa) Potential form Predictions Preparations Present tense (sort of) Presumptions Private feelings Probably Progressive tense (more or less) Pronouns (demonstrative—this, there, etc.) Pronouns (indefinite—anything, everywhere, etc.) Pronouns (interrogative—who, where, etc.) Pronouns (personal—I, you, etc.) Pronouns (usage notes) Provisional form Purpose of movement Qualifying phrases Question sentences Questions within larger sentences Quoting Redoing "Regarding..." (ni tsuite) Relative clauses Reporting what someone said Requests (basics) Requests (more details) Resemblance Role of an item Romanization conventions used on this site Romaji "Seems like..." (-ge adjective ending) "Seems like..." (-sou adjective ending) "Seems like..." (clauses) Semi-voiced consonants Sentences modifying nouns Short form Should be so Should do (-ba ii) Should do (beki) Should do (hou ga ii) Similarity Simultaneous events Somewhat (for adjectives) Sorry (basics) Sorry (more details) Sorting conventions Source of movement Speculating Start and end time Start doing Subject marker (ga) -te form Telling time Temperature "The more ... the more ..." (hodo) "... therefore ..." (kara) "... therefore ..." (node) "... and ... therefore ..." (shi) They (as an abstract subject) Thoughts (speaking about) Time (expressing the) Time (intervals of) Time (of an event) Timespans To the extent of (kagiri) Too much (adjectives) Too much (verbs) Topic marker (wa) Transitive verbs Trying something Uncertainty Unless (kagiri) Until (made) Unvoiced consonants Using nouns to describe nouns Verb conjugation Verb stem Verbing adjectives Victimization Vocabulary (cursory) Voiced consonants Volitional form Want to do Want someone else to do Way of doing (-kata) "... when ..." "... whenever ..." When an action occurs While (nagara) While you're at it (tsuide ni) "... with ..." (two nouns) Wondering out loud Word choice (formality) Word choice (gender) Word order |
あいうえお (a i u e o) ordering ～aされる (-asareru) ～aせられる (-aserareru) ～aせる (-aseru) ～aない (-anai) ～aなかった (-anakatta) ～aれる (-areru) いいから (ii kara) いいとして (ii to shite) 一段動詞 (ichidan doushi) いつの間にか (itsu no ma ni ka) ～iました (-imashita) ～iましょう (-imashou) ～iます (-imasu) ～iません (-imasen) ～iませんでした (-imasen deshita) いろは (i ro ha) ordering 言わんばかりに (iwan bakari ni) ～e (-e) ～eば (-eba) ～eる (-eru) 御～ (o-) honorific prefix お～ (o- + verb stem) お～下さい (o ... kudasai) ～oう (-ou) 音読み (on'yomi) kanji readings か (ka) particle 日 (ka) counter が (ga) particle かい (kai) particle がいい (ga ii) ～替える (-kaeru) 限り (kagiri) ヶ月 (kagetsu) counter かしら (kashira) ～方 (-kata) ～がたい (-gatai) 片仮名 (katakana) writing system 月 (gatsu) counter ～がっている (-gatte iru) かと言って (ka to itte) かな (ka na) かも知りません (ka mo shiremasen) かも知れない (ka mo shirenai) がよい (ga yoi) から (kara) particle からと言って (kara to itte) からには (kara ni wa) から～まで (kara... made) ～がる (-garu) 間 (kan) (timespans) ～切る (-kiru) くせに (kuse ni) くらい (kurai) ぐらい (gurai) くらいなら (kurai nara) 比べ物にならない (kurabemono ni naranai) 訓読み (kun'yomi) kanji readings ～げ (-ge) (adjective ending) 形容詞 (keiyoushi) 形容動詞 (keiyoudoushi) けど (kedo) particle けれど (keredo) particle けれども (keredomo) particle 御 (go-) honorific prefix 子 (go) counter 五十音 (gojuu on) ordering こそ (koso) particle 五段動詞 (godan doushi) 事がある (-koto ga aru) 事が出来る (-koto ga dekiru) 事にしている (-koto ni shite iru) 事にする (-koto ni suru) 事になっている (-koto ni natte iru) 事になる (-koto ni naru) ～込む (-komu) さ (sa) particle 歳 or 才 (sai) counter さえ (sae) particle ～させられる (-saserareru) ～させる (-saseru) ～ざる (-zaru) ～される (-sareru) し (shi) particle 時 (ji) counter しか (shika) particle 自動詞 (jidoushi) じゃ (ja) particle, contraction of では (de wa) じゃありません (ja arimasen) じゃありませんで (ja arimasen de) じゃありませんでした (ja arimasen deshita) じゃあるまい (ja arumai) ～じゃいけない (-ja ikenai) ～じゃう (-jau) ～じゃだめ (-ja dame) じゃない (ja nai) じゃなくて (ja nakute) (as connective structure) じゃなくて (ja nakute), negative -te form of です (desu) 助数詞 (josuushi) ～ず (-zu) ～ずに (-zu ni) ～すぎる (-sugiru) (adjectives) ～すぎる (-sugiru) (verbs) すべき (subeki) すべく (subeku) ぜ (ze) particle ぞ (zo) particle ぞい (zoi) particle そう (sou) (clause ending) ～そう (-sou) (adjective ending) ～そう (-sou) (verb ending) それにしても (sore ni shite mo) ～た (-ta) だ (da) ～たい (-tai) 第 (dai) (ordinal numbers) だから (dakara) だからと言って (da kara to itte) 濁点 (dakuten) ( ゛) だけ (dake) particle だけあって (dake atte) だけど (dakedo) だけに (dake ni) だけのことはある (dake no koto wa aru) ～出す (-dasu) だった (datta) だったら (dattara) だったり (dattari) だったりして (dattari shite) だって (datte) 他動詞 (tadoushi) ～たまえ (-tamae) ～たら (-tara) ～たり (-tari) だろう (darou) ～ちまう (-chimau) ～ちゃいけない (-cha ikenai) ～ちゃう (-chau) ～ちゃだめ (-cha dame) 一日 (tsuitachi) ついでに (tsuide ni) つー (tsuu) っけ (kke) つつ (tsutsu) particle って (tte) つもり (tsumori) ～て (-te) で (de) particle で (de) (-te form of です) ～で (-de), same form as ～て (-te) であった (de atta) であったら (de attara) であったり (de attari) であって (de atte) ～てある (-te aru) であれば (de areba) であろう (de arou) ～て行く (-te iku) でいよう (de iyou) でいられる (de irareru) ～ている (-te iru) ～ておく (-te oku) ～てください (-te kudasai) ～てから (-te kara) 出来るだけ (dekiru dake) ～て来る (-te kuru) ～てしまう (-te shimau) でした (deshita) でしたら (deshitara) でしたり (deshitari) でして (deshite) でしょう (deshou) です (desu) ～てたまる (-te tamaru) ～でない (-de nai) では (de wa) ではあるまい (de wa arumai) ～てはいけない (-te wa ikenai) ではない (de wa nai) ではなかった (de wa nakatta) ではなくて (de wa nakute) ～てほしい (-te hoshii) ～てまう (-te mau) ～てみせる (-te miseru) ～てみる (-te miru) ～ても (-te mo) でも (de mo) particle ～てもいい (-te mo ii) ～てる (-te ru) ～てよかった (-te yokatta) てんてん (tenten) mark (dakuten) ( ゛) と (to) particle 度 (do) counter といいですね (to ii desu ne) といいね (to ii ne) といいんだが (to ii n da ga) といいんだけど (to ii n da kedo) といいんですが (to ii n desu ga) といいんですけど (to ii n desu kedo) と言う (to iu) Ｘと言うＸ (X to iu X) と言うより (to iu yori) と言ったって (to itta tte) と言って (to itte) と言っても (to itte mo) 動詞 (doushi) と思うと (to omou to) と思ったら (to omottara) とか (to ka) particle ～とく (-toku) (contraction of ～ておく) ところ (tokoro) どころか (dokoro ka) どころじゃない (dokoro ja nai) として (to shite) とする (to suru) とは言え (to wa ie) とは言ったって (to wa itta tte) とは言って (to wa itte) とは言っても (to wa itte mo) とは限らない (to wa kagiranai) とやら (to yara) な (na) particle ～な (-na) ～ない (-nai) ～ないで (-naide) ～ないでください (-naide kudasai) ～直す (-naosu) ～なかった (-nakatta) ながら (nagara) particle ～ながら (-nagara) ～なきゃ (-nakya) ～なければ (-nakereba) ～なけりゃ (-nakerya) ～なくちゃいけない (-nakucha ikenai) ～なくちゃだめ (-nakucha dame) ～なくて (-nakute) ～なくてはいけない (-nakute wa ikenai) ～なくてもいい (-nakute mo ii) ～なくば (-nakuba) ～なさい (-nasai) など (nado) particle なのです (na no desu) 名乗り (nanori) kanji readings なら (nara) particle ならば (naraba) particle なんか (nanka) particle なんです (na n desu) に (ni) particle に関して (ni kanshite) に関する (ni kansuru) ～にくい (-nikui) に比べて (ni kurabete) に比べれば (ni kurabereba) にしては (ni shite wa) にしても (ni shite mo) にする ([adjective] ni suru) 日 (nichi) counter について (ni tsuite) にとって (ni totte) になる ([adjective] ni naru) によって (ni yotte) による (ni yoru) によると (ni yoru to) によれば (ni yoreba) 人 (nin) counter ～ぬ (-nu) ね (ne) particle ～ねば (-neba) の (no) particle の (no) sentence ending のが出来る (no ga dekiru) のだ (no da) ので (no de) particle のです (no desu) のに (no ni) particle のみ (nomi) particle は (wa) particle ～ば (-ba) ばかり (bakari) after a past tense ばかり (bakari) particle ばかりか (bakari ka) ばかりでなく (bakari de naku) ばかりに (bakari ni) ～始める (-hajimeru) はず (hazu) 二十歳 (hatachi) 半 (han) 半濁点 (handakuten) ( ゜) 一人 (hitori) 平仮名 (hiragana) writing system 秒 (byou) counter 二人 (futari) 分 (fun) counter 文語 (bungo) (classical Japanese) 分の (bun no) へ (e) particle べからざる (bekarazaru) べからず (bekarazu) べき (beki) べく (beku) べし (beshi) ～へん (-hen), dialectal variant of ～ない (-nai) 方がいい (hou ga ii) 程 (hodo) ～まい (-mai) (in tentative form) ～まい (-mai) (in volitional form) ～ました (-mashita) ～ましょう (-mashou) ～ます (-masu) ～ません (-masen) ～ませんでした (-masen deshita) まで (made) particle までに (made ni) particle までもない (made mo nai) まる (maru) mark (handakuten) ( ゜) みたい (mitai) ～む (-mu) 目 (me) (ordinal numbers) ～め (-me) (adjective ending) 名 (mei) counter も (mo) particle もの (mono) ものですか (mono desu ka) ものの (mono no) particle (?) もん (mon) もんか (mon ka) や (ya) particle ～やすい (-yasui) やら (yara) particle よ (yo) particle ～よ (-yo) よう (you) (clause ending) ～よう (-you) (verb ending) ようにする (you ni suru) 曜日 (youbi) より (yori) particle らしい (-rashii) (clause ending) ～られる (-rareru) (passive form) ～られる (-rareru) (potential form) ～れる (-reru) 連体詞 (rentaishi) ～ろ (-ro) ローマ字 (Romaji) writing system わ (wa) particle わい (wai) particle わりに (wari ni) を (wo) particle をば (woba) particle ～ん (-n) (shortened from ～ない) ～ん (-n) (shortened from ～む) んじゃない (n ja nai) んだ (n da) んです (n desu) |